Waya
Aika Imel
Ilimin da ya dace
Menene normalizing, quenching da tempering?
1. daidaita
Tsarin kula da zafi na dumama sassan karfe sama da zafin jiki mai mahimmanci, riƙe su na tsawon lokaci mai dacewa, sannan sanyaya su cikin iska mai sanyi ana kiransa normalizing.
Babban manufar daidaitawa shine don tsaftace tsarin, inganta kaddarorin karfe, da samun tsari kusa da ma'auni.
Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin annealing, babban bambanci tsakanin normalizing da annealing shi ne cewa yawan sanyaya na al'ada yana da sauri sauri, don haka samar da sake zagayowar daidaita yanayin zafi ya fi guntu. Sabili da haka, lokacin daɗawa da daidaitawa na iya saduwa da buƙatun aikin sassan, daidaitawa ya kamata a yi amfani da shi gwargwadon yiwuwa.
2. Quenching
Tsarin maganin zafi na dumama sassan karfe zuwa wani zafin jiki sama da mahimmanci, kiyaye shi na ɗan lokaci, sa'an nan kuma sanyaya shi cikin ruwa (man) a cikin saurin da ya dace don samun tsarin martensite ko bainite ana kiransa quenching.
Babban bambancin tsari tsakanin quenching, annealing, da daidaitawa shine saurin sanyaya, wanda aka yi niyya don samun tsarin martensitic. Tsarin martensite tsari ne mara daidaituwa da aka samu bayan kashe karfe. Yana da babban taurin amma ƙarancin filastik da tauri. Taurin martensite yana ƙaruwa tare da abun cikin carbon na ƙarfe.
3. Haushi
Bayan sassan karfe sun taurare, ana mai da su zuwa wani zafin jiki a ƙasa da zafin jiki mai mahimmanci, kiyaye su na wani ɗan lokaci, sa'an nan kuma sanyaya zuwa zafin jiki. Ana kiran tsarin maganin zafi mai zafi.
Gabaɗaya, sassan ƙarfe da aka kashe ba za a iya amfani da su kai tsaye ba kuma dole ne a huce su kafin a yi amfani da su. Domin karfen da aka kashe yana da taurin gaske da gaggaucewa, karaya yakan faru idan aka yi amfani da shi kai tsaye. Yin zafi zai iya kawar da ko rage damuwa na ciki, rage raguwa, da inganta taurin; a gefe guda, ana iya daidaita kayan aikin injin da aka kashe don cimma nasarar aikin ƙarfe. Dangane da yanayin zafin jiki daban-daban, sifa za'a iya raba shi zuwa iri uku: low zazzabi sishpering, matsakaici zazzabi mai zafin jiki da zafin rana.
Ƙananan zafin jiki mai zafi 150-250. Rage damuwa na ciki da gaggaucewa, da kiyaye taurin ƙarfi da sa juriya bayan quenching.
B Matsakaicin zafin jiki 350 ~ 500; inganta elasticity da ƙarfi.
C Babban zafin jiki 500 ~ 650; tempering na quenched karfe sassa sama 500 ℃ ake kira high zazzabi tempering. Bayan tempering a high zafin jiki, quenched karfe sassa suna da kyau m inji Properties (duka wani ƙarfi da taurin, da wani roba da taurin). Saboda haka, kullum matsakaici carbon karfe da matsakaici carbon gami karfe ana sau da yawa bi da high zafin jiki tempering bayan quenching. An fi amfani da sassan shaft.
Quenching + Babban zafin jiki ana kiransa quenching and tempering treatment.