Mohala
Romela Imeile
Tsebo e Amanang
Ke lintho life tse tloaelehileng, ho tima le ho futhumatsa?
1. tloaeleha
Mokhoa oa phekolo ea mocheso oa likarolo tsa tšepe tse futhumatsang ka holim'a mocheso o boima, o li tšoara ka nako e loketseng, ebe o li pholile moeeng o khutsitseng o bitsoa normalizing.
Sepheo se seholo sa ho tloaeleha ke ho hloekisa mohaho, ho ntlafatsa thepa ea tšepe, le ho fumana mohaho o haufi le ho lekana.
Ha ho bapisoa le ts'ebetso ea li-annealing, phapang e kholo pakeng tsa ho tloaeleha le ho tsuba ke hore sekhahla sa ho pholisa sa ho pholile se potlakile hanyenyane, kahoo potoloho ea tlhahiso ea phekolo ea mocheso e tloaelehileng e khutšoanyane. Ka hona, ha annealing le normalizing ka bobeli li ka fihlela litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea likarolo, ho tloaeleha ho lokela ho sebelisoa ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.
2.Ho tima
Mokhoa oa phekolo ea mocheso oa ho futhumatsa likarolo tsa tšepe ho mocheso o itseng ka holim'a ntlha ea bohlokoa, ho o boloka ka nako e itseng, ebe o o pholile ka metsing (oli) ka lebelo le loketseng ho fumana mohaho oa martensite kapa bainite o bitsoa quenching.
Phapang e kholo ea ts'ebetso pakeng tsa ho tima, ho koala, le ho tloaeleha ke lebelo la ho pholisa ka potlako, le reretsoeng ho fumana sebopeho sa martensitic. Sebopeho sa martensite ke mohaho o sa leka-lekaneng o fumanoang ka mor'a ho tima tšepe. E na le boima bo phahameng empa polasetiki e futsanehileng le ho tiea. Ho thatafala ha martensite ho eketseha ka carbon content ea tšepe.
3. Ho halefisa
Ka mor’a hore likarolo tsa tšepe li thatafalloe, li futhumatsoa mochesong o itseng o ka tlaase ho mocheso o matla haholo, li bolokoa ka nako e itseng, ebe li pholile ho fihlela mocheso oa kamore. Mokhoa oa ho phekola mocheso o bitsoa tempering.
Ka kakaretso, likarolo tsa tšepe tse tingoeng li ke ke tsa sebelisoa ka ho toba 'me li tlameha ho belisoa pele li ka sebelisoa. Hobane tšepe e tingoeng e na le ho thatafala ho phahameng le brittleness, brittle fracture hangata e etsahala ha e sebelisoa ka ho toba. Ho halefa ho ka felisa kapa ho fokotsa khatello ea kelello ka hare, ho fokotsa ho brittleness, le ho ntlafatsa ho tiea; ka lehlakoreng le leng, thepa ea mechine ea tšepe e tingoeng e ka fetoloa ho finyella ts'ebetso ea tšepe. Ho ea ka lithempereichara tse fapaneng, mocheso o ka aroloa ka mefuta e meraro: mocheso o tlase oa mocheso, mocheso o bohareng le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso.
Mocheso o tlase oa mocheso oa 150-250. Fokotsa khatello ea kelello ka hare le brittleness, 'me u boloke boima bo phahameng le ho apara ho hanyetsa ka mor'a ho tima.
B Mocheso o mahareng tempering 350 ~ 500; ntlafatsa elasticity le matla.
C mocheso o phahameng tempering 500 ~ 650; ho futhumatsa likarolo tsa tšepe tse tingoeng ka holimo ho 500 ℃ ho bitsoa mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso. Ka mor'a ho futhumatsa mocheso o phahameng, likarolo tsa tšepe tse tingoeng li na le thepa e ntle ea mochine (matla a itseng le boima, le polasetiki e itseng le toughness). Ka hona, ka kakaretso tšepe ea carbon e bohareng le tšepe e mahareng ea carbon alloy hangata li tšoaroa ka mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso ka mor'a ho tima. Likarolo tsa shaft li sebelisoa haholo.
Quenching + Mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso o bitsoa phekolo ea quenching le tempering.